The Parisian club has now won the season-opening cup on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the French league winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital leveler in the final seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.